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169 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
169 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
## iCalendar格式的农历 节气 及传统节日
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iCalendar是一种通用的日历交换格式，很多软件和设备，比如google calendar, apple
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calendar, thunderbird + lightning插件, iphone/ipad, 安卓都支持。
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以前订过iCalendar格式农历日历，但慢慢地它们都停止了更新。所幸香港天文台为公众提
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供了从1901年到2100年间两百年的农历-公历对照表，也就是这里用到的数据。
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![Screenshot][]
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下面是覆盖去年、今年以及明年三年的日历[ics文件][iCal]链接，把它加入到你最常用的
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软件就可以了。
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[https://raw.github.com/infinet/lunar-calendar/master/chinese_lunar_prev_year_next_year.ics][iCal]
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苹果设备上应该是:
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设置 => 邮件、通讯录、日历 => 添加账户 => 其它 => 日历 添加已订阅日历
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如果在Mac的*iCal*里订阅到iCloud，这个日历还可以自动推送到所有使用那个iCloud
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账户的ios设备。
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### 系统要求
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* Python: python 3.5上测试可用
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* [Numpy][] 和 [Numexpr][]: 纯Python速度较慢，而天文算法特别是完全版的VSOP87和LEA-406计算量尤其大，所以最好配合Numpy以加快计算速度。
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### 生成更长时段农历
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如果需要更长时段的农历，请先克隆本项目。
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直接运行`./lunar_ical.py`会从香港天文台抓取1901到2100年间所有数据，然后生成上面
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那个前后三年时段的农历ics文件；
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使用参数--start和--end指定需要的起至日期, 例如:
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./lunar_ical.py --start=2010-05-01 --end=2021-12-31
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超出1901-2100的农历数据使用VSOP87行星理论和LEA-406月球理论生成. 以香港天文台的
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数据(更新于2014年)为标准，用此法生成的1949到2100年间农历有两处不一致：
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1）1979-01-20 大寒
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2）2057-09-29 农历九月全部日期错位一天
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不一致的原因在于上面两处节气及新月正好跨越午夜时分，差距数秒就能影响该节气或新月的
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发生日期。由于使用不同的行星位置计算方法和Delta T估算方法，出现这种差异在所难免。
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### C 版本
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C版本速度更快，但暂时只在终端上输出ical。用户必须使用`>`将stdout的结果导入到指定文件以生成ical文件。
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编译：
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$ cd c
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$ make
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运行:
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#生成某年农历
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$ ./lunarcal 2016 > chinese_lunar_2016.ics
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#生成数年农历
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$ ./lunarcal 2016 2019 > chinese_lunar_2016_2019.ics
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### 版权
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本项目版权使用BSD协议，请参见所附COPYRIGHT文件。
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感谢[香港天文台][HK_Obs]为公众提供并授权本项目使用其农历-公历对照数据，该部分数据仅限非商业用途。
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## Chinese Lunar Calendar
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Google, Apple, and Microsoft used to provide Chinese Lunar Calendar in iCalendar
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format, but most links were died over years. It is become hard to find a usable
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Chinese Lunar Calendar for use with online and offline calendar apps.
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The Chinese Lunar Calendar is mostly based on the motion of the Moon. It is
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said due to the complicate interaction, mostly from the Sun and the Earth, the
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motion of Moon is very hard to predict, especially on the long run. Luckily
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[Hong Kong Observatory][HK_Obs] has published a conversion table for the period
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from 1901 to 2100. It is the most trustworthy Lunar Calendar I can find on the
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web so far.
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Lunar calendar beyond 1901-2100 range is generated by finding solar terms and
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moon phases uses [VSOP87](ftp://ftp.imcce.fr/pub/ephem/planets/vsop87) planetary
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theory and [LEA-406][] lunar theory.
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The full version of LEA-406 and VSOP87 are used by default. A truncated version
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, aa.py, which is slightly faster, is also included. The accuracy of this
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implementation, when compare to the apparent Sun and Moon longitude finded by
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the DE431 based JPL Horizon, are showed in following figures:
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![aa_full][]
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![aa_trunc][]
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The lunar calendar generated by the full and truncated version is identical for
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the period 1949 - 2100. There are only two discrepancies compare to the HKO's
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version: one is a solar term on 1979-01-20, the other is a new moon on
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2057-09-29. It is caused by few seconds of error happens around midnight(UTC
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+8).
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The official timezone before 1949 is slightly different than the current UTC +8
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therefor the computed lunar calendar may not represent history accurately.
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### License
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This package is released under the terms and conditions of the BSD License, a
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copy is include in the file COPYRIGHT.
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**Hong Kong Observatory** has been very kind to provide and grant the permission
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of using their conversion table, which is only for Non-Commercial use.
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### Requirement:
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* Python: tested on python 3.5
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* [Numpy][] and [Numexpr][]: Only needed when generate calendar by astronomical
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algorithm. The full version of LEA-406 and VSOP87 is rather slow when compute
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in pure python.
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### How to run
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Run `lunar_ical`, it will fetch data from Hong Kong Observatory, save
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the data to a local sqlite database, then use that database to generate a ics
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file, which covers from the previous to the end of next year.
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Try the Chinese Lunar Calendar by add this [ics file][iCal] to your favorite
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calendar app.
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Start and end date can also be specified as command line options, for example:
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./lunar_ical.py --start=1990-01-01 --end=2001-01-01
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The date must in ISO format.
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### C port
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There is also a C version under directory "c". Run `make` to generate the
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executable `lunarcal`. Run `lunarcal` with year will print out the Chinese Lunar
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Calendar in ical format to the terminal. Use `>` to redirect the output to a file, for example:
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# Specific year
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$ ./lunarcal 2016 > chinese_lunar_2016.ics
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# or multiple years
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$ ./lunarcal 2016 2019 > chinese_lunar_2016_2019.ics
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[Contact me](mailto: weichen302@gmail.com)
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[iCal]: https://raw.github.com/infinet/lunar-calendar/master/chinese_lunar_prev_year_next_year.ics
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[HK_Obs]: https://www.hko.gov.hk/tc/gts/time/conversion1_text.htm
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[Screenshot]: http://infinet.github.io/images/lunar_calendar.jpg
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[aa_full]: http://infinet.github.io/images/moon-sun-full_lea406_vsop87_compare_JPL.png
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[aa_trunc]: http://infinet.github.io/images/moon-sun-trunc_lea406_vsop87_compare_JPL.png
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[Numpy]: http://www.numpy.org
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[Numexpr]: https://github.com/pydata/numexpr
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[LEA-406]: http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2007/33/aa7568-07/aa7568-07.html
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